Uhlalutyo lokuCwangciswa kunye nokuCandwa kwe-Phosphorus Segregation kwi-Carbon Structural Steel
Okwangoku, iinkcukacha eziqhelekileyo ze-carbon structural steel wire rods kunye nemivalo ebonelelwa ngamashishini ensimbi yasekhaya yi-φ5.5-φ45, kwaye uluhlu oluvuthiweyo luyi-φ6.5-φ30.Kukho iingozi ezininzi ezisemgangathweni ezibangelwa ulwahlulo lwe-phosphorus kwizinto ezincinci zocingo kunye ne-bar ekrwada.Makhe sithethe ngempembelelo yokuhlukaniswa kwe-phosphorus kunye nohlalutyo lokubunjwa kweentanda kwireferensi yakho.
Ukongezwa kwe-phosphorus kwintsimbi kunokuvala ngokuhambelanayo ummandla wesigaba se-austenite kumzobo wesigaba se-iron-carbon.Ngoko ke, umgama phakathi kwe-solidus kunye ne-liquidius kufuneka ukhuliswe.Xa intsimbi equlethe i-phosphorus ipholile ukusuka kulwelo ukuya kwisiqina, kufuneka idlule kuluhlu olubanzi lobushushu.Izinga lokusasazwa kwe-phosphorus kwintsimbi licotha.Ngeli xesha, isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kunye ne-phosphorus concentration ephezulu (indawo encibilikayo ephantsi) izaliswe kwizithuba phakathi kwe-dendrites yokuqala eqiniweyo, ngaloo ndlela yenze ukuhlukana kwe-phosphorus.
Kwisihloko esibandayo okanye inkqubo ye-extrusion ebandayo, iimveliso eziqhekekileyo zihlala zibonwa.Ukuhlolwa kwe-metallographic kunye nokuhlalutya kweemveliso eziqhekekileyo kubonisa ukuba i-ferrite kunye ne-pearlite ihanjiswa kwiibhendi, kwaye umgca wentsimbi emhlophe ungabonakala ngokucacileyo kwi-matrix.Kwi-ferrite, kukho i-intermittent band-shaped light grey sulfide inclusions kule matrix ye-ferrite emise okwebhanti.Esi sakhiwo simise okwebhanti esibangelwa kukwahlulwa kwesulfure phosphide ibizwa ngokuba yi "ghost line".Oku kungenxa yokuba indawo ene-phosphorus-etyebileyo kwindawo ene-phosphorus eyohlulahlulayo ibonakala imhlophe kwaye iqaqambile.Ngenxa yomxholo ophezulu we-phosphorus webhande elimhlophe kunye elikhanyayo, umxholo wekhabhoni kwi-phosphorus-ecebileyo emhlophe kunye nebhanti eqaqambileyo iyancitshiswa okanye umxholo wekhabhoni uncinci kakhulu.Ngale ndlela, iikristale zekholomu ye-slab eqhubekayo yokuphosa iphuhlisa ukuya kumbindi ngexesha lokuphoswa ngokuqhubekayo kwebhanti ene-phosphorus..Xa i-billet iqinisiwe, i-austenite dendrites iqala ukuchithwa kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo.I-phosphorus kunye nesulfure equlethwe kule dendrites iyancitshiswa, kodwa intsimbi yokugqibela etyhidiweyo etyhidiweyo ityebile kwi-phosphorus kunye ne-sulfure yezinto ezingcolileyo, eziqinisa phakathi kwe-dendrite axis, ngenxa yomxholo ophezulu we-phosphorus kunye nesulfure, isulfure iya kwenza i-sulfide, kwaye i-phosphorus iya kuchithwa kwi-matrix.Akulula ukusasaza kwaye kunesiphumo sokukhupha ikhabhoni.Ikhabhoni ayinakunyibilika, ngoko ke malunga nesisombululo esiqinileyo se-phosphorus (Amacala e-ferrite band emhlophe) anomxholo ophezulu wekhabhoni.Ikhabhoni element kumacala omabini ibhanti ferrite, oko kukuthi, kumacala omabini ommandla phosphorus-etyetyiswe, ngokulandelelana enze umxinwa, intermittent ibhanti pearlite parallel ibhanti emhlophe ferrite, kunye kufuphi izicubu eqhelekileyo Yahlula.Xa i-billet ishushu kwaye icinezelwe, i-shafts iya kwandiswa kunye ne-rolling processing direction.Kungenxa yokuba ibhendi ye-ferrite iqulethe i-phosphorus ephezulu, oko kukuthi, ulwahlulo olunzima lwe-phosphorus lukhokelela ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sebhendi ebanzi kunye neqaqambileyo ye-ferrite, kunye nentsimbi ecacileyo Kukho imicu engwevu ekhanyayo ye-sulfide kwibhendi ebanzi kunye eqaqambileyo yebhanti. umzimba element.Eli qela le-ferrite elityebileyo eline-phosphorus elinemicu emide ye-sulfide yinto esiyibiza ngokuba "ngumgca wesiporho" (jonga umfanekiso 1-2).
Umzobo 1 I-Ghost wire kwi-carbon steel SWRCH35K 200X
Umzobo we-2 I-Ghost wire kwi-carbon steel plain Q235 500X
Xa insimbi ishushu iqhutywe, ngokude nje kukho ukuhlukana kwe-phosphorus kwi-billet, akunakwenzeka ukufumana i-microstructure efanayo.Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa yokwahlula okunamandla kwe-phosphorus, "i-ghost wire" isakhiwo senziwe, esinokuthi ngokuqinisekileyo sinciphise iimpawu zomatshini wezinto eziphathekayo..
Ukwahlula kwe-phosphorus kwi-carbon steel kuqhelekileyo, kodwa idigri iyahluka.Xa i-phosphorus ihlukaniswe kakhulu (isakhiwo "somgca weghost") siya kuzisa iziphumo ezibi kakhulu kwintsimbi.Ngokucacileyo, ulwahlulo olunzima lwe-phosphorus lungunobangela wokuqhekeka kwezinto ngexesha lenkqubo yesihloko esibandayo.Ngenxa yokuba iinkozo ezahlukeneyo kwintsimbi zinomxholo we-phosphorus ohlukeneyo, izinto eziphathekayo zinamandla ahlukeneyo kunye nobunzima;ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwakhona Yenza izinto eziphathekayo zivelise uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, luya kukhuthaza izinto eziphathekayo ukuba zilungele ukuqhekeka kwangaphakathi.Kwizinto eziphathekayo kunye nesakhiwo se "ghost wire", ngokuchanekileyo ukucutha ubunzima, amandla, ubude emva kokuphuka kunye nokunciphisa indawo, ngakumbi ukunciphisa ukuqina kwempembelelo, okuya kukhokelela kubunzima obubandayo bezinto eziphathekayo, ngoko umxholo we-phosphorus. kunye nezakhiwo zentsimbi Yiba nobudlelwane obusondeleyo kakhulu.
Ukufunyanwa kwe-Metallographic Kwi-"ghost line" kwi-tissue embindini webala lokujonga, kukho inani elikhulu lee-sulfide ezingwevu ezikhanyayo.I-non-metallic inclusions kwi-structural steel inclusions ikhona ikakhulu kwifom ye-oxides kunye ne-sulfides.Ngokutsho kwe-GB/T10561-2005 "I-Standard Grading Chart Microscopic Inspection Method for the Content of Non-metallic Inclusions in Steel", ukufakwa kwe-Type B kufakwe i-vulcanized ngeli xesha Inqanaba lezinto eziphathekayo lifikelela kwi-2.5 nangaphezulu.Njengoko sonke siyazi, ukubandakanywa okungezona isinyithi yimithombo enokubakho yokuqhekeka.Ubukho babo buya kulimaza kakhulu ukuqhubeka kunye nokuqina kwe-microstructure yensimbi, kunye nokunciphisa kakhulu amandla e-intergranular yensimbi.Kucatshangelwa kule nto ukuba ubukho be-sulfide "kwi-ghost line" yesakhiwo sangaphakathi sentsimbi yeyona ndawo inokwenzeka yokuqhekeka.Ke ngoko, iintanda ezibandayo zokubumba kunye nonyango lobushushu ezicima iintanda kwinani elikhulu leendawo zokuvelisa i-fastener zibangelwa inani elikhulu lee-sulfide ezingwevu ezibhityileyo.Ukubonakala kwee-weaves ezimbi ngolo hlobo kutshabalalisa ukuqhubeka kweempawu zetsimbi kwaye kwandisa umngcipheko wonyango lokushisa."Intambo yesiporho" ayinakususwa ngokuhlengahlengiswa, njl. njl., kwaye izinto zokungcola kufuneka zilawulwe ngokungqongqo kwinkqubo yokunyibilikisa okanye phambi kokuba izinto eziluhlaza zingene kumzi-mveliso.
I-non-metallic inclusions ihlukaniswe yaba yi-alumina (uhlobo A) i-silicate (uhlobo C) kunye ne-spherical oxide (uhlobo D) ngokubunjwa kunye nokukhubazeka.Ubukho babo bunqumla ukuqhubeka kwesinyithi, kwaye imingxuma okanye iintanda zenziwe emva kokucoca.Kulula kakhulu ukwenza umthombo wokuqhekeka ngexesha lokuphazamiseka okubandayo kwaye kubangele uxinzelelo lwexinzelelo ngexesha lonyango lobushushu, okubangela ukucima ukuqhekeka.Ngoko ke, ukubandakanywa okungezona isinyithi kufuneka kulawulwe ngokungqongqo.I-GB / T700-2006 yensimbi yangoku "i-Carbon Structural Steel" kunye ne-GB / T699-2016 "imigangatho ephezulu yeCarbon Structural Steel" ayenzi iimfuno ezicacileyo zokufakwa kwe-non-metallic..Kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo, imigca erhabaxa kunye necolekileyo ka-A, B, kunye no-C ayibikho ngaphezu kwe-1.5, kwaye i-D kunye ne-D imigca erhabaxa necolekileyo ayikho ngaphezu kwe-2.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-21-2021
